Beehive Tech 2021-06-19 00:32:50 阅读数:1,006
Original title :《Arbitrum yes Rollup The optimal solution of the scheme ?》
5 month 28 Japan ,Arbitrum Announcing the opening of the main network to developers . The next day ,Uniswap Community access 100% I've got the approval rating of 「 stay Arbitrum Upper Department Uniswap v3」 Proposal for . These new developments will once again bring this Ethereum Layer2 The solution of layer expansion has become a hot topic .
Ethereum network congestion and GAS The problem of excessive fees has a long history , The community has also put forward various expansion plans , only Layer2 There are many ways to expand the layer , Including status channels 、 Side chains and Plasma、Rollup And so on. , among ,Rollup Highly respected .
Rollup The biggest feature of the expansion plan is , The actual calculation and storage of smart contracts are done under the chain , Transaction data is stored on the Ethereum main network through a series of compression techniques , Security is guaranteed by the Ethereum blockchain . Founder of Ethereum Vitalik Buterin Many times in public that ,Rollup It is the best choice for Ethereum to expand its capacity in the short and medium term .
because Rollup Class project Optimism The online time of the main network is determined by 3 The month is extended to 7 month , This gives the same kind of project Arbitrum A starting point . Just opened the main network Arbitrum Now it has priority over Optimism Put into use .
In addition to developers can enter the main network deployment contract , Users can also use wallets MetaMask Replace RPC node , Get into Arbitrum Test network and application , The team provided Arbitrum Asset Bridge Bridge arbitrum, Ethereum can be Layer1 layer Kovan Test network assets and Arbitrum The test network is directly interconnected , Currently supported ETH And ERC-20 and ERC-721 Multiple assets under two standards .
Arbitrum Rollup What is it? ? What is the operation mechanism ? What applications are deployed ? And Optimistic Rollup and ZK Rollup What's the difference? ? In this issue DeFi Honeycomb will bring relevant interpretation .
Arbitrum yes OffchainLabs Ethereum developed by the team Layer2 Layer expansion plan , Can achieve high throughput , Let developers deploy at low cost 、 Operating smart contracts , At the same time, it can keep the security without trust .
Arbitrum It was a research project at Princeton University , since 2018 Ethereum expansion technology Rollup Since the concept was mentioned , The team is committed to using Rollup Technology expansion solves Ethereum congestion . simply ,Arbitrum It's an off chain protocol managed by Ethereum's on chain contract , Use of the Rollup technology . Let's put it in the vernacular ,Rollup It's the methodology of Ethereum expansion technology ,Arbitrum Turn technology theory into reality .
Rollup Technology strives to record all transaction data on the main chain , The core idea is to distribute a large amount of transaction data in the block , Aggregate into a deal , Publish to the main chain ; The actual calculation and storage of the contract are completed under the chain . In this way, the computing and storage pressure of the main chain will be reduced , So as to achieve high throughput of the network .
This year, 1 month ,OffchainLabs stay Arbitrum The test network is up DeFi Ecosystem Demo product , The first applications to be supported include the decentralized transaction protocol Bancor, Decentralized Auction tools Bounce.finance, Decentralized perpetual contract exchanges MCDEX And so on .
5 month 28 Japan Offchain Labs Team announced that Arbitrum Test version of Ethereum main network has been deployed Arbitrum One, Open to developers , There are more than 250 A team applied for access to the developer test network .( In order not to confuse Arbitrum Technology and Ethereum Layer2 chain , The team named the main network chain Arbitrum One, namely Arbitrum One It's using Arbitrum Technology to build the main Ethernet Layer2 chain ).
Rollup The main feature of is that all transaction data are recorded on the chain , in other words ,Arbitrum Put the safety part on the Ethereum chain , The actual calculation and storage are executed under the chain .
such as ,A The user is in Arbitrum Generate a transaction data on , This data will be recorded on the Ethereum chain , It's for everyone to check the deal . But the computing and storage involved in this deal are in Arbitrum On the chain , It is carried out under the Ethereum chain . It's expanded in this way , Lighten the Ethereum chain .
The user is in Arbitrum All transactions executed on the chain , All need to be submitted to... Running on Ethereum Inbox( inbox ) Intelligent contract , Arbitrum Periodically through the aggregator , Package multiple transactions , Nodes submitted to Ethereum in batch . such as , Every time 5 Minutes or 10 The clock , Send to Ethereum containing Arbitrum Hash of the complete status of all transactions that take place on , This hash will be recorded on the Ethereum chain , Open to all .
Because of all Arbitrum All transaction data will be released to Ethereum , So the cost of each transaction and Arbitrum The number of transactions that can be supported per second , Will be limited by the amount of data allowed to be published to Ethereum during this period of time .
therefore ,Arbitrum Will optimize and compress the transaction , For example, after aggregating multiple transactions through aggregator , Submit in bulk , This will minimize the number of times you need to publish content on the chain , Increase throughput ; The cost of each transaction is also shared equally , Achieve the effect of reducing transaction costs .
No trust security
Because transaction data is recorded on Ethereum , in other words Arbitrum Security is rooted in Ethereum , Security is guaranteed by the Ethereum blockchain .
And Ethereum EVM Fully compatible with
Ethereum and other compatible EVM The application on the chain doesn't need any modification , You can migrate directly , Support Solidity And more EVM Language , Developers can easily migrate existing contracts or develop new ones .
License free contract deployment
No matter who you are , You can be there immediately Arbitrum The contract is signed , And it's very easy , It's like changing your RPC That's easy , The principle is Arbitrum Direct operation EVM Code , No need for any custom tools or translators .
Extensibility
Move the calculation and storage of the contract out of the Ethereum main chain , To achieve higher throughput .
Minimum cost
Batch submit transactions through aggregator , To minimize Layer1 The processing cost of the layer , Minimize the cost sharing of each transaction .
Uniswap(UNI)
The community is about UniswapV3 Deploy to Arbitrum The proposal is in 5 month 29 The voting ended on May , Finally, there was overwhelming support ,Uniswap founder Hayden Adams A tweet means , If passed by vote , Will V3 Smart contracts deployed to Arbitrum, The deployment plan has now begun .
SushiSwap(SUSHI)
5 month 30 Japanese official Xuan ,SushiSwap Already in Arbitrum Upper Department .
Decentralized trading platform DODO(DODO)
6 month 1 Japanese official Xuan ,DODO Of V1 and V2 Smart contracts have been deployed to Arbitrum Main network .
Decentralized exchange Bancor(BNT)
1 The end of the month has been in Arbitrum Development and deployment on the Internet , Users can enter the application through the test network as early as possible .
Decentralized derivatives trading platform MonteCarloDEX
MCDEX Original name MonteCarloDEX, The first to adopt Arbitrum The expansion project ,MCDEX I've been Arbitrum Test running online ,MCDEX V3 Will be in 5 month 28 Deploy to the main network every day .
Arbiswap
Offchain Labs Team in 2020 year 11 Month uses Uniswap Open source code is created in Arbitrum Decentralized exchanges on the Internet , Interface and Uniswap similar , The only difference is Arbiswap There is an asset bridge on the page Arbitrum Bridge , Users use it to implement L1 and L2 The asset transfer of the layer . Users can use MestMask Change your wallet Arbitrum Test network RPC Node to experience Arbitrum Transaction speed and low cost on the Internet .
Team tests show that , The etheric fang Layer 1 It can only process at most per second 7 pen Uniswap transaction , and Arbiswap Even in Arbitrum When the chain is fully loaded , Up to... Per second 390 pen , At the same time Gas Cost reduction 55 times .
Another thing to note Arbitrum There is no official issue of any related token , stay Arbitrum In the main network test version ETH As fuel , All costs use ETH payment .
It is said that , No contrast, no harm . In the morning Arbitrum We already have the first mover advantage , It's also technically better than other Rollup Class expansion technology shows the characteristics of differentiation in practice .
Rollup Technology is currently practiced by multiple teams , To form the Arbitrum Rollup、Optimistic Rollup as well as ZK Rollup programme , Like all kinds of schools , They all have their own supporters .
Arbitrum Rollup、Optimistic Rollup It's similar in the framework process , And ZK Rollup The difference lies in the verification of the final transaction results . The first two use fraud proof , and ZK Rollup Zero knowledge proof is adopted .
The so-called fraud proof , It's assuming that all the submitted traders are good people , Unless proven guilty . Some people question , The party who raises a question should first pledge a certain amount of deposit , In case of malicious attack ; If the chain proves right , Then the deposit pledged by the doubting party will be confiscated .
such as , node A Submitted a transaction data generated on the chain , and B Disagree , So how does this deal go ? How the Internet continues to work ? There are basically two options : To prove fraud or to re execute a transaction .Arbitrum Rollup and Optimistic Rollup They all use fraud proof .
ZK Rollup programme
The user can actively prove the result of the transaction , Transfer and withdrawal can be quickly confirmed .
such as , user A stay ZK Rollup Class on the chain transactions , The aggregator submits the transaction data to Ethereum ,ZK Rollup You can immediately verify if there is a problem with the aggregator providing transaction data . This way, in terms of security and the finality of the transaction , They all have advantages .
however ,ZK Rollup In the process of proving , Computing costs are high , It can only be used to realize simple transaction and transfer , In deploying and operating complex smart contracts , It's going to cost too much . Besides , because ZK Rollup The development language level is too high , Are not compatible EVM, Application migration on Ethereum is also difficult . Although the founder of Ethereum Vitalik Recognized in public ZK Rollup programme , But these problems can not be solved in a short period of time .
Arbitrum Rollup and Optimistic Rollup
The fraud proofs adopted by both of them are time-delay , The default is that the submitted data on the chain is correct ,Layer1 Check again to see if it's right .
Arbitrum Rollup and Optimistic Rollup The biggest difference between the two is when there are differences in the process of fraud proof , There are different ways to resolve differences . in other words , When a transaction is executed, after execution , If the status is controversial , How to solve ?
Arbitrum Multiple rounds of fraud proof were used ,Optimistic Using a single round of fraud proof .
Arbitrum It's multiple rounds of fraud proof , In other words, the controversial points are disassembled layer by layer , Find the most critical issue , Then use the Ethereum contract to determine if it's right . and Optimistic Single round fraud proof , You need to take the whole Layer 2 The deal moved to Layer1 On the main chain , Verify... On the main chain , This will increase the processing cost of calling contracts on the main chain .
In addition to the round of fraud proof , Is it fully compatible with Ethereum EVM It's also Rollup The focus of the solution , After all , Yes Layer2 The demand for the Internet is increasing , Mainly because DeFi After the outbreak , The congestion and high cost of Ethereum are highlighted .
Arbitrum Rollup Fully compatible with EVM; By contrast ,Optimistic Rollup Also compatible EVM, But not yet 100%. Decentralized financial agreements dForce Founder Yang mindao is very concerned about this ,( use Optimistic Rollup technology )Optimism no 100% compatible EVM It's a major strategic misjudgment , Not to mention the delayed launch of the market ,「 These people don't understand ,99.9% Compatible and 100% Incompatibility is one thing .」
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