haohappy | From blockchain as a service (BaaS) To the value Internet
haohappy Mesozoic Technology
author : haohappy , Yuan Jie CTO,Metaverse One of the founders of Yuanjie open source project
This paper attempts to explore how to combine public blockchain with existing Internet applications ;
The blockchain as a service here only refers to the public blockchain , For the classification of blockchains, please refer to : Blockchain (Blockchain) In depth introduction
One 、 Information internet and value Internet
Information internet : It refers to today's huge and complex information internet , At present, the information internet has no financial attribute , It usually needs a strong third-party intermediary to provide reliable financial services , In the information internet , Technology and business can be decoupled through architecture layering ;
Value Internet : It refers to the construction of an Internet with its own financial attributes , In this network, the third party intermediary system is no longer necessary ( Can exist ), At present, it is feasible to realize value Internet through blockchain ; Blockchain usually comes with its own financial system , And it's exclusive , If the financial system is spun off , So it evolved into a classic distributed system ;
Under the information internet , The typical product of the separation of business and technology is —— Cloud computing ;
Now the development of cloud computing has gradually broken through this boundary , Try *** To provide better technical solutions in various vertical fields , The most typical is the financial cloud solution ;
But no matter what kind of financial cloud solution , All have the property of repeatable instantiation , namely ,A Factory to buy F programme ,B The factory also bought F programme , But when they run A-F and B-F It's two completely different examples , There is generally no direct relationship between them , Maybe in a third-party intermediary (O) There's a little bit of connection on the Internet , For example, banks or securities companies .
So in this case, it can not be called value Internet .
To achieve value, the Internet must be ,A-F and B-F It can be different subnets under the same instance , The connection between them can be direct , let me put it another way , Third party intermediaries O Some of the services provided are no longer necessary , For example, payment function ( Blockchain comes with its own payment system );
Two 、 We can talk BaaS And BTaaS
Blockchain as a service (BaaS) —— Blockchain as a Service
Blockchain technology services (BTaaS) —— Blockchain Technology as a Service
This kind of classification draws on the PaaS/SaaS The concept of ;
( chart 1)
In the figure 1 I will BTaaS Put it in and PaaS At the same level ,BaaS Put it in SaaS At the same level ;
The reason for this classification is , One of the biggest things they have in common is that the users they are facing are the same .
I began to pay attention to BaaS The concept , I also wrote two articles to try to clarify this concept under the pattern of public chain and alliance chain :《 Degenerate alliance chain and BaaS》,《 On the limitation of alliance chain and public chain 》
Degenerate alliance chain and BaaS
On the limitation of alliance chain and public chain
These two articles mainly put forward two viewpoints :
The first is that the essence of alliance chain is not a technical problem , It's about business modeling , This kind of business modeling is often accompanied by the design of non cooperative game equilibrium problem , Whether there is an evolutionary stable strategy to satisfy all the people in the system becomes the key to the alliance chain , Trying to rely solely on systems with Byzantine fault tolerance is certainly not going to work ;
The second is that blockchain as a special system , Its financial attribute cannot be separated , Because of its financial characteristics, the system has vitality , When it divests itself of its financial attributes , It would degenerate into a Byzantine fault-tolerant system , The ecology it can support will also be greatly weakened ;
Suppose the reader agrees with the above two points , So we'll come to a conclusion :
BaaS It usually refers to the services provided by the public blockchain , and BTaaS It usually refers to the service provided by the alliance chain .
We also have the following inference :
- BaaS The ecology that can be supported is far greater than BTaaS What can support Ecology
- BaaS It is closer to the specific form of value Internet ,BTaaS Closer to enterprise software solutions ;
I just give you BaaS and BTaaS Next definition :
Blockchain as a service (BaaS) It refers to the data generated by using the public blockchain , Provide blockchain based search queries 、 Transaction submission , Data analysis and other operation services , The set of operational services may be centralized , It can also be decentralized . At present, in the field of blockchain , Block browser 、 Digital currency trading platform and public chain derivative applications : Syndrome type -Factom, Digital identity -uPort And so on can be called blockchain services .
Blockchain technology services (BTaaS) Refers to the use of blockchain technology to build their own private distributed system , The system can be considered as a classic distributed system (Raft/Paxos/PBFT) Derivative and enhanced versions of . Combined with existing cloud computing technology , It can provide platform level blockchain technical services for developers and manufacturers .
( chart 2)
chart 2 Is shown in BaaS And BTaaS The difference and application of ;
So far , Readers can have a question , Why is it so clear ? Because this determines the direction of the new business architecture mode of blockchain ;
3、 ... and 、 Value Internet ( Blockchain ) Application innovation under the new situation
There is a misunderstanding , I think it's completely decentralized DAPP That's the direction of the future , In fact, it's unrealistic ;
At the moment, all economic systems rely on big banks 、 The securities system , It's even more unrealistic to attempt to completely break away from the economic system of our own .
Using blockchain as the underlying financial infrastructure , With BaaS Provide in the form of tamper proof , An open and transparent application of financial services is a feasible solution ;
Blockchain is infrastructure , Represents the user channel , Blockchain applications are B End business , It's a service provider , They play a major role in the value Internet ;
There are two kinds of financial applications , High frequency use and low frequency use :
High frequency is usually paid 、 Loan and other functions ;
Low frequency is usually matchmaking 、 Futures and financial derivatives ;
We give priority to the function of high frequency use as blockchain infrastructure , The functions used in low frequency can be centralized first (BaaS) Provided in the form of , Gradually transition to blockchain .
In the process BaaS Will always play a major role ;
stay BaaS Next , The business model of blockchain is more like B2B2C The pattern of ,BaaS Provides 2B The concrete form of ,2C It is provided by the blockchain itself , Because the public chain itself has gathered a large number of users ;
And as an institution (B End ), There must be a charge for providing services , Centralization is also an inevitable choice , We don't have to be completely decentralized , In this process, blockchain is more likely to play an intermediary role with a strong evidence chain , everything B The end will be supervised by users ;
actually BaaS The mode has gradually emerged in the field of blockchain : Lots of digital currency trading platforms (P network 、B network ), Various block browsers (blockchain.info)、tokenmaster It's all centralized , But they still show great vitality ;
( chart 3)
The author is Metaverse One of the founders of Yuanjie open source project , chart 3 It shows a public chain BaaS, Yuanjie is based on digital assets 、 Digital identity 、 The value of the intermediary three main elements to achieve BaaS.
BaaS It can be on the meta boundary ZenDao project (http://zendao.org/), It can be ZenGold project (http://zengold.org/), Any project surrounding Yuanjie as a blockchain financial infrastructure . So the author simply divided a BaaS Development Group ( flee ...
So anything around the public chain , With BaaS Applications providing services , It's all application innovation under the value Internet .
Four 、 Let's talk about the development of public chain
The systemic risk of blockchain
This issue is of particular concern , In fact, it is also a process of acceptance .
For example, many people criticize PoW Mining wastes energy and is not environmentally friendly , It's a bit like the problem with electric cars , It's a matter of energy structure , No PoW Its own problems .
For example, isn't the material consumed in the Bank Treasury also made by heavy industry ? Heavy industry also consumes a lot of energy .
Any public chain also faces a systemic risk , That is, the risk of Byzantine fault tolerance threshold being broken ;
In fact, this problem is a problem for beginners of blockchain , It only refers to seeing the technical consensus , And there's no community consensus , In fact, in real society , Community consensus is often more powerful than technical consensus , This systemic risk often comes down to community consensus , Community consensus, to some extent, oversees all behavior .
Identity issues
There's a hot issue these two days 《 What kind of users don't like wechat ?》
At present, we are still looking up the address , The stage of checking transactions , The future blockchain must be with identity , And it's the user's own identity control mechanism , For example, the digital identity of metaworld has a very good design to solve most of the Internet identity problems ( Um. , Although I haven't published the white paper on meta digital identity yet , I have to be cheeky , Escape in embarrassment ...)
Data privacy
In fact, this problem can be attributed to the problem of identity , But sometimes it's just data privacy , It's not necessarily identity , So I also have a hunch that it will become a hot research direction in the future .
Under this question , In fact, there is a problem of zero knowledge proof , There are two currencies in the block area (Zcash\ZCoin)t Provides an excellent case of payment privacy , But I don't think the great application of zero proof of knowledge is payment , It's digital identity ;
The data under the chain is imported into the data on the chain
The premise of data import from off chain to on chain is to solve data privacy , The second is identity , Finally, it's the application problem ;
This problem will be solved naturally after other problems are solved , It's a result in itself , It will not become the main technical problem of blockchain ;
Product form
The core competitiveness of blockchain products will be new applications optimized around the core wallet ;
BaaS At present, it will be the most competitive form to provide blockchain products , Can seamlessly connect to Internet applications ;